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Quelles sont les nouvelles cibles pharmaceutiques dans le traitement de la narcolepsie ?
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Year: 2016 Publisher: Bruxelles: UCL. Faculté de pharmacie et des sciences biomédicales,

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Abstract

Narcolepsy is a disorder of the central nervous system for which there is no known cure at this day. The effects of narcolepsy mainly occur during periods of wakefulness. Narcolepsy is described as a syndrome consisting of excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), including periods of irresistible sleep, cataplexy, sleep paralysis, hypnagogic hallucinations, and automatic behaviors and fragmented or disrupted nighttime sleep. On the one hand, current treatments of EDS include the use of amphetamines and their derivatives (metamphetamine, methylphenidate) and the modafinil. On the other hand, treatments of cataplexy involve the use of antidepressants and sodium oxybate. With the emergence of hypocretin in the last few years, new therapeutic targets have emerged, such as the use of hypocretin agonists., gene therapy and cell transplantation. But other treatments have also emerged such as immune therapy, the use of thyroid stimulating hormone agonist, and the use of antagonist of the H3 histamine antagonist (the so-called "pitolisant"). La narcolepsie est un trouble du système nerveux central pour lequel il n'existe à ce jour aucun traitement curable. Les effets de la narcolepsie se manifestent pour la plupart durant les périodes d'éveil. La narcolepsie est décrite comme un syndrome qui consiste à de la somnolence diurne excessive (EDS) y compris des périodes de sommeil irrésistible, de la cataplexie, des paralysies du sommeil, des hallucinations hypnagogiques, et des comportements automatiques et fragmentés ou un sommeil nocturne fragmenté. Les traitements actuels de l'EDS comprennent l'utilisation d'amphétamines et de ses dérivés (metamphétamine, méthylphénidate), et le modafinil, tandis que les traitements de la cataplexie comprennent l'utilisation d'antidépresseurs et du sodium oxybate. Avec l'émergence il y a quelques années de l'hypocrétine, de nouvelles cibles thérapeutiques ont vu le jour tel que l'utilisation d'agonistes de l'hypocrétine, la thérapie génique et la transplantation cellulaire. Mais d'autres traitements sont également apparus comme la thérapie immunitaire, l'utilisation d'agoniste de l'hormone thyréotrope, et l'utilisation d'antagoniste de l'histamine H3 (pitolisant).

Keywords

Narcolepsy


Book
Narcolepsy : symptoms, causes, and diagnosis
Authors: ---
ISBN: 1614703396 9781614703396 9781608766451 1608766454 Year: 2010 Publisher: New York : Nova Science Publishers,

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Keywords

Narcolepsy.


Book
La prise en charge de la narcolepsie
Authors: --- ---
Year: 2013 Publisher: Bruxelles: UCL. Faculté de pharmacie et des sciences biomédicales,

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Narcolepsy is a sleep disruption affecting patient's lifestyle during their entire life time. lt is described as two mains symptoms: excessive daytime sleepiness with episodes of irresistible sleep and cataplexy. Moreover, other symptoms might occur, but thoses ones are not much specifics to narcolepsy. ln a nutshell, there are different fonns of narcolepsy. The etiology of sickness is not clearly known from nowadays, but it seems that a hypothalamic neuronal Joss might be the origin of narcolepsy and cataplexy. The neurons from that brain area produce the hypocretin, a neurotransmitter playing a key role in the maintaining nonnal wakefulness in sleep­ wake cycle's regulation.Until now, the management of narcolepsy was Jeading on three pharmacological classes: stimulants, antidepressants and hypno-sedatifs, each one targeting a specific symptom. Besides these three classes another mainstay drug has been recently used: the sodium oxybate, freshly approved by the European Medicines Agency . Active on different symptoms at the same time, this drug represents an improvement in the therapeutic arsenal against this disease. Seen progress in the understanding of its physiopathology, new treatments might appear and change the current outlook of managing narcolepsy. La narcolepsie est un trouble du sommeil ayant un impact sur la qualité de vie des patients atteints, et qui persiste toute la vie. Elle se caractérise par deux symptômes cardinaux, une somnolence diurne excessive accompagnée d'accès de sommeil irrésistibles et une cataplexie. D'autres symptômes peuvent également survenir mais sont moins spécifiques à la narcolepsie . Il existe différentes fonnes de narcolepsie. L'étiologie de cette maladie n'a pas encore clairement été élucidée. Il semble qu'une perte des neurones hypothalamiques produisant l'hypocrétine, neurotransmetteur jouant un rôle clé dans la maintenance de l'état d'éveil et la régulation des cycles veille -sommeil, serait à l 'origine de la narcolepsie avec cataplexie. Jusque récemment, la prise en charge de la narcolepsie reposait principalement sur trois classes phannacologiques, à savoir les stimulants, les antidépresseurs et les hypno-sédatifs ciblant chacun un symptôme particulier. A ces trois classes de médicaments, vient s'ajouter l'oxybate de sodium, récemment approuvé par I'Agence Européen des Médicaments. Actif sur différents symptômes à la fois, il représente un atout dans l'arsenal thérapeutique de cette maladie. Etant donné les avancées dans la compréhension de sa physiopathologie, de nouvelles thérapies sont susceptibles de faire leur apparition et de changer la vision actuelle de la prise en charge de la narcolepsie.

Keywords

Narcolepsy --- Narcolepsy


Multi
The orexin/hypocretin system
Authors: ---
ISBN: 9780128137529 0128137525 9780128137512 0128137517 Year: 2019 Publisher: London, United Kingdom

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The Orexins/Hypocretins System: Functional Roles and Therapeutic Potential summarizes research on both the physiological functioning of orexins, their impact on homeostatic processes, and related disorders. The book encompasses the effects on appetite, sleep, substance abuse, cognition, and anxiety. Additionally, it examines new therapeutic approaches utilizing orexins, including utilization of orexin receptors for drug development. It is essential reading for neuroscience researchers interested in brain-behavior relationships, as well as psychiatrists, endocrinologists and pharmacologists.

Keywords

Orexins. --- Narcolepsy.


Book
Narcolepsy fact sheet
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Year: 2003 Publisher: Bethesda, MD : National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health,

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Book
Narcolepsy.
Author:
Year: 2017 Publisher: Bethesda, Maryland : Office of Communications and Public Liaison, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services,

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Dissertation
Evaluation préliminaire des effets de la photothérapie dans le traitement de la narcolepsie-cataplexie
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Year: 1999 Publisher: Liège : Université de Liège. Faculté de médecine (ULg). Département de clinique et pathologie médicales,

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Keywords

NARCOLEPSY --- CATALEPSY --- PHOTOTHERAPY


Book
Narcolepsy fact sheet
Author:
Year: 2003 Publisher: Bethesda, MD : National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health,

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Book
Narcolepsy.
Author:
Year: 2017 Publisher: Bethesda, Maryland : Office of Communications and Public Liaison, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services,

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Book
Sleep disorders : hearing before a Subcommittee of the Committee on Appropriations, United States Senate, One Hundred Second Congress, second session, special hearing.
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Year: 1993 Publisher: Washington, DC: White House, 1

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